All sorts of physical processes in this analog world exhibit some degree of randomness. Think of noise, for example. Many noisy processes are described by Gaussian probability distributions. We should ...

A new construction of the Gaussian distribution is introduced and proven. The procedure consists of using fractal interpolating functions, with graphs having increasing fractal dimensions, to ...

It may be misleading to estimate value-at-risk (VAR) or other risk measures assuming normally distributed innovations in a model for a heteroscedastic financial return series. Using the t-distribution ...

Gauss sums are fundamental objects in number theory. Quadratic Gauss sums were studied by Gauss, and after many attempts, Gauss gave a simple formula depending only on the argument of the Gauss sums ...