The panel found that specific instruction in the major parts of reading (phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension) is the best approach to teaching most children to read. …

Teaching with letters is important because this helps children apply their PA skills to reading and writing. Teaching children to blend phonemes with letters helps them decode.

Sight-word programs that begin by teaching children a sight-word reading vocabulary of from 50 to 100 words. Only after they learn to read these words do children receive instruction in the alphabetic …

The combination of practice and feedback promotes reading fluency. Teaching vocabulary words —teaching new words, either as they appear in text or by introducing new words separately. This …

As the National Reading Panel (NRP) began its analysis of the extant research data on reading comprehension, three predominant themes emerged: (1) reading comprehension is a cognitive …

Teaching Children to Read Findings and Determinations of the National Reading Panel by Topic Areas Alphabetics Phonemic Awareness Instruction Phonemes are the smallest units composing spoken …

In 1997, Congress convened the National Reading Panel to assess the effectiveness of different approaches used to teach children to read. The panel was made up of 14 people, including leading …

What important gaps remain in our knowledge of how children learn to read, the effectiveness of different instructional methods for teaching reading, and improving the preparation of teachers in …

Background Reading comprehension strategy instruction has been a major research topic for more than 20 years. The idea behind this approach to instruction is that reading comprehension can be …

Introduction Although reading is based on the technology of writing and printing, the history of reading instruction reflects a recurrent interest in the application of other technologies, for example, reading …